Propanediol is a natural, green, propylene glycol alternative derived from corn sugar, used as a humectant, hair and skin conditioner, preservative booster, and solvent with a light, non-sticky, slightly dry skin feel.
Propanediol is a versatile ingredient commonly used in cosmetic chemistry for its moisturizing, solubilising, and skin-conditioning properties. Here's how it's utilised in cosmetic formulations:
- Humectant: Propanediol is a humectant, meaning it attracts water molecules from the environment and helps retain moisture in the skin. It hydrates the skin, making it softer, smoother, and more supple. As a result, it's commonly used in moisturisers, lotions, serums, and other skincare products designed to hydrate and plump the skin. It offers superior hydration and at 5% is a better hydrator than common synthetics including propylene glycol and butylene glycol. It is also considered superior to glycerine but can also work synergistically with it.
- Solvent: Propanediol serves as a solvent that helps dissolve other ingredients, allowing them to be evenly distributed throughout the formulation. It enhances the stability and efficacy of active ingredients, extracts, and essential oils in cosmetic products. It's particularly useful in formulations where water or oil solubility is required.
- Penetration Enhancer: Propanediol can improve the penetration of active ingredients into the skin by temporarily disrupting the skin's barrier function. This allows other beneficial ingredients to penetrate deeper and exert their effects more efficiently. It's often included in skincare products containing actives like vitamins, antioxidants, and peptides.
- Viscosity Modifier: Propanediol can be used as a viscosity modifier to adjust the thickness and consistency of cosmetic formulations. It helps control the texture of creams, lotions, and gels, ensuring they spread easily and evenly on the skin without feeling greasy or heavy.
- Antimicrobial Properties: Propanediol exhibits mild antimicrobial properties, making it useful as a preservative booster or alternative to traditional preservatives. It can help inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms in cosmetic formulations, extending their shelf life and ensuring product safety.
- Skin Conditioning Agent: Propanediol has skin-conditioning properties that help improve the overall texture and appearance of the skin. It smooths and softens the skin's surface, reducing roughness and flakiness.
Additionally, it can enhance the feel of skincare products, imparting a silky, luxurious texture upon application.
- Natural Origin Alternative: Propanediol can be derived from renewable resources such as corn, sugarcane, or vegetable glycerin, making it a preferred choice for formulators seeking natural or eco-friendly ingredients. It's biodegradable and environmentally sustainable, aligning with the growing demand for green and clean beauty products.
Overall, propanediol is a multifunctional ingredient that offers several benefits in cosmetic formulations, including hydration, solubilisation, penetration enhancement, and skin conditioning. Its versatility and compatibility with a wide range of other cosmetic ingredients make it a valuable addition to various skincare and personal care products.
